In 1991, President George H.W. Bush announced unilateral reductions in U.S. tactical nuclear forces, with Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev expected to take matching steps. The Soviet Union's subsequent disintegration prevented Gorbachev from following through with those parallel reductions.
More than three decades later, the Pentagon has grown concerned that Russia could use nuclear weapons in Ukraine or conduct attacks against NATO. U.S. defense officials said in June 2023 that the risk of nuclear escalation remains a significant concern amid the ongoing conflict.



